Exploration into Rock Art and Life at Jubbah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Evolution of the Culture and People as Communicated Through the Artistic Variations.

Author: Mohammed Alghamdi

Alghamdi, Mohammed, 2023 Exploration into Rock Art and Life at Jubbah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Evolution of the Culture and People as Communicated Through the Artistic Variations., Flinders University, College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences

Terms of Use: This electronic version is (or will be) made publicly available by Flinders University in accordance with its open access policy for student theses. Copyright in this thesis remains with the author. You may use this material for uses permitted under the Copyright Act 1968. If you are the owner of any included third party copyright material and/or you believe that any material has been made available without permission of the copyright owner please contact copyright@flinders.edu.au with the details.

Abstract

Rock art is a valuable source of data in archaeology. As a reflection of particular time

periods in the past, it allows for the analysis of unique cultural traditions and helps historians

examine past events through the perspectives of particular communities. Engravings not only

depict certain events and processes but also demonstrate how they were perceived by people,

thus offering a valuable account of how people’s world views have shifted over time in

different locations. The current thesis is dedicated to a critical analysis of 43 motifs engraved

on three panels at Jubbah. The author applied the research philosophy of pragmatism, the

pedestrian survey design, and the method of thematic analysis to examine relevant features of

motifs, investigate the themes of these motifs in light of the relevant historical period, and

explore the implications of the motifs and themes for understanding pertinent social,

economic, and cultural processes related to Bedouin tribes. It was found that the panels were

created during the period between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. The themes

identified in the study mostly revolve around military issues and camel raiding activities. The

motifs provide unique insights into the military tactics used by Bedouin tribes, the role of

early firearms in disrupting the nature of warfare, and the involvement of dogs in battles. The

thesis offers a critical analysis of the themes in light of the literature review’s findings. The

study’s results made a substantial contribution to academic research by confirming the

significance of camel raiding practices for Bedouin tribes, providing new information about

the limitations of matchlocks in encounters with cavalry units, and offering new areas for

further research, such as the role of dogs in reducing the military advantage of equestrians.

Keywords: Jubbah rock art, pedestrian survey design, historical methodology, matchlocks, Bedouin tribes.

Subject: Archaeology thesis

Thesis type: Masters
Completed: 2023
School: College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences
Supervisor: Daryl Wesley